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Chapter 2. Installing and Upgrading MySQL
This chapter describes how to obtain and install MySQL. A summary of the procedure follows and later sections provide the details. If you plan to upgrade an existing version of MySQL to a newer version rather than install MySQL for the first time, see Section 2.11, “Upgrading MySQL”, for information about upgrade procedures and about issues that you should consider before upgrading.
If you are interested in migrating to MySQL from another database system, you may wish to read Section A.8, “MySQL 6.0 FAQ — Migration”, which contains answers to some common questions concerning migration issues.
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Determine whether MySQL runs and is supported on your platform. Please note that not all platforms are equally suitable for running MySQL, and that not all platforms on which MySQL is known to run are officially supported by MySQL AB:
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Choose which distribution to install. Several versions of MySQL are available, and most are available in several distribution formats. You can choose from pre-packaged distributions containing binary (precompiled) programs or source code. When in doubt, use a binary distribution. We also provide public access to our current source tree for those who want to see our most recent developments and help us test new code. To determine which version and type of distribution you should use, see Section 2.1.2, “Choosing Which MySQL Distribution to Install”.
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Download the distribution that you want to install. For instructions, see Section 2.1.3, “How to Get MySQL”. To verify the integrity of the distribution, use the instructions in Section 2.1.4, “Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG”.
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Install the distribution. To install MySQL from a binary distribution, use the instructions in Section 2.2, “Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution”. To install MySQL from a source distribution or from the current development source tree, use the instructions in Section 2.9, “MySQL Installation Using a Source Distribution”.
If you encounter installation difficulties, see Section 2.13, “Operating System-Specific Notes”, for information on solving problems for particular platforms.
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Perform any necessary post-installation setup. After installing MySQL, read Section 2.10, “Post-Installation Setup and Testing”. This section contains important information about making sure the MySQL server is working properly. It also describes how to secure the initial MySQL user accounts, which have no passwords until you assign passwords. The section applies whether you install MySQL using a binary or source distribution.
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If you want to run the MySQL benchmark scripts, Perl support for MySQL must be available. See Section 2.15, “Perl Installation Notes”.
2.1. General Installation Issues
The MySQL installation procedure depends on whether you will install MySQL Enterprise Server or MySQL Community Server. The set of applicable platforms depends on which distribution you will install:
For MySQL Enterprise Server, install the main distribution plus any service packs or hotfixes that you wish to apply using the Enterprise Installer. For platforms that do not yet have an Enterprise Installer, use the Community Server instructions.
For MySQL Community Server, install the main distribution plus any hotfixes and updates:
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Download a binary release, or download a source release and build MySQL yourself from the source code.
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Retrieve MySQL from the Bazaar tree and build it from source. The Bazaar tree contains the latest developer code.
The immediately following sections contain the information necessary to choose, download, and verify your distribution. The instructions in later sections of the chapter describe how to install the distribution that you choose. For binary distributions, see the instructions at Section 2.2, “Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution”. To build MySQL from source, use the instructions at Section 2.9, “MySQL Installation Using a Source Distribution”.
2.1.1. Operating Systems Supported by MySQL Community Server
This section lists the operating systems on which MySQL Community Server is known to run.
Important
MySQL AB does not necessarily provide official support for all the platforms listed in this section. For information about those platforms which MySQL AB officially supports, see MySQL Server Supported Platforms on the MySQL Web site.
We use GNU Autoconf, so it is possible to port MySQL to all modern systems that have a C++ compiler and a working implementation of POSIX threads. (Thread support is needed for the server. To compile only the client code, the only requirement is a C++ compiler.)
MySQL has been reported to compile successfully on the following combinations of operating system and thread package.
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AIX 4.x, 5.x with native threads. See Section 2.13.5.3, “IBM-AIX notes”.
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Amiga.
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FreeBSD 5.x and up with native threads.
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HP-UX 11.x with the native threads. See Section 2.13.5.2, “HP-UX Version 11.x Notes”.
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Linux, builds on all fairly recent Linux distributions with glibc 2.3. See Section 2.13.1, “Linux Notes”.
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Mac OS X. See Section 2.13.2, “Mac OS X Notes”.
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NetBSD 1.3/1.4 Intel and NetBSD 1.3 Alpha. See Section 2.13.4.2, “NetBSD Notes”.
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Novell NetWare 6.0 and 6.5. See Section 2.7, “Installing MySQL on NetWare”.
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OpenBSD 2.5 and with native threads. OpenBSD earlier than 2.5 with the MIT-pthreads package. See Section 2.13.4.3, “OpenBSD 2.5 Notes”.
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SCO OpenServer 5.0.X with a recent port of the FSU Pthreads package. See Section 2.13.5.8, “SCO UNIX and OpenServer 5.0.x Notes”.
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SCO Openserver 6.0.x. See Section 2.13.5.9, “SCO OpenServer 6.0.x Notes”.
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SCO UnixWare 7.1.x. See Section 2.13.5.10, “SCO UnixWare 7.1.x and OpenUNIX 8.0.0 Notes”.
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SGI Irix 6.x with native threads. See Section 2.13.5.7, “SGI Irix Notes”.
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Solaris 2.5 and above with native threads on SPARC and x86. See Section 2.13.3, “Solaris Notes”.
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Tru64 Unix. See Section 2.13.5.5, “Alpha-DEC-UNIX Notes (Tru64)”.
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Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2003, and Windows Server 2008. See Section 2.3, “Installing MySQL on Windows”.
MySQL has also been known to run on other systems in the past. See Section 2.13, “Operating System-Specific Notes”. Some porting effort might be required for current versions of MySQL on these systems.
Not all platforms are equally well-suited for running MySQL. How well a certain platform is suited for a high-load mission-critical MySQL server is determined by the following factors:
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General stability of the thread library. A platform may have an excellent reputation otherwise, but MySQL is only as stable as the thread library it calls, even if everything else is perfect.
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The capability of the kernel and the thread library to take advantage of symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems. In other words, when a process creates a thread, it should be possible for that thread to run on a CPU different from the original process.
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The capability of the kernel and the thread library to run many threads that acquire and release a mutex over a short critical region frequently without excessive context switches. If the implementation of pthread_mutex_lock() is too anxious to yield CPU time, this hurts MySQL tremendously. If this issue is not taken care of, adding extra CPUs actually makes MySQL slower.
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General filesystem stability and performance.
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If your tables are large, performance is affected by the ability of the filesystem to deal with large files at all and to deal with them efficiently.
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Our level of expertise here at MySQL AB with the platform. If we know a platform well, we enable platform-specific optimizations and fixes at compile time. We can also provide advice on configuring your system optimally for MySQL.
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The amount of testing we have done internally for similar configurations.
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The number of users that have run MySQL successfully on the platform in similar configurations. If this number is high, the likelihood of encountering platform-specific surprises is much smaller.
2.1.2. Choosing Which MySQL Distribution to Install
When preparing to install MySQL, you should decide which version to use. MySQL development occurs in several release series, and you can pick the one that best fits your needs. After deciding which version to install, you can choose a distribution format. Releases are available in binary or source format.
2.1.2.1. Choosing Which Version of MySQL to Install
The first decision to make is whether you want to use a production (stable) release or a development release. In the MySQL development process, multiple release series co-exist, each at a different stage of maturity:
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MySQL 6.0 is the current development release series.
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MySQL 5.1 is currently in release candidate status.
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MySQL 5.0 is the current stable (production-quality) release series. New releases are issued for bugfixes only; no new features are being added that could effect stability.
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MySQL 4.1, 4.0 and 3.23 are the old stable (production-quality) release series. MySQL 4.1 is now at the end of the product lifecycle. Active development and support for these versions has ended. Extended support for MySQL 4.1 and 4.0 is available. According to the MySQL Lifecycle Policy (see http://www.mysql.com/company/legal/lifecycle/#policy), only Security and Severity Level 1 issues will still be fixed for MySQL 4.0 and 4.1.
We do not believe in a complete code freeze because this prevents us from making bugfixes and other fixes that must be done. By “somewhat frozen” we mean that we may add small things that should not affect anything that currently works in a production release. Naturally, relevant bugfixes from an earlier series propagate to later series.
Normally, if you are beginning to use MySQL for the first time or trying to port it to some system for which there is no binary distribution, we recommend going with the production release series. Currently, this is MySQL 5.0. All MySQL releases, even those from development series, are checked with the MySQL benchmarks and an extensive test suite before being issued.
If you are running an older system and want to upgrade, but do not want to take the chance of having a non-seamless upgrade, you should upgrade to the latest version in the same release series you are using (where only the last part of the version number is newer than yours). We have tried to fix only fatal bugs and make only small, relatively “safe” changes to that version.
If you want to use new features not present in the production release series, you can use a version from a development series. Note that development releases are not as stable as production releases.
If you want to use the very latest sources containing all current patches and bugfixes, you can use one of our Bazaar repositories. These are not “releases” as such, but are available as previews of the code on which future releases are to be based.
The MySQL naming scheme uses release names that consist of three numbers and a suffix; for example, mysql-5.0.12-beta. The numbers within the release name are interpreted as follows:
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The first number (5) is the major version and describes the file format. All MySQL 5 releases have the same file format.
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The second number (0) is the release level. Taken together, the major version and release level constitute the release series number.
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The third number (12) is the version number within the release series. This is incremented for each new release. Usually you want the latest version for the series you have chosen.
For each minor update, the last number in the version string is incremented. When there are major new features or minor incompatibilities with previous versions, the second number in the version string is incremented. When the file format changes, the first number is increased.
Release names also include a suffix to indicates the stability level of the release. Releases within a series progress through a set of suffixes to indicate how the stability level improves. The possible suffixes are:
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alpha indicates that the release is for preview purposes only. Known bugs should be documented in the News section (see Appendix C, MySQL Change History). Most alpha releases implement new commands and extensions. Active development that may involve major code changes can occur in an alpha release. However, we do conduct testing before issuing a release.
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beta indicates that the release is appropriate for use with new development. Within beta releases, the features and compatibility should remain consistent. However, beta releases may contain numerous and major unaddressed bugs.
All APIs, externally visible structures, and columns for SQL statements will not change during future beta, release candidate, or production releases.
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rc indicates a Release Candidate. Release candidates are believed to be stable, having passed all of MySQL's internal testing, and with all known fatal runtime bugs fixed. However, the release has not been in widespread use long enough to know for sure that all bugs have been identified. Only minor fixes are added. (A release candidate is what formerly was known as a gamma release.)
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If there is no suffix, it indicates that the release is a General Availability (GA) or Production release. GA releases are stable, having successfully passed through all earlier release stages and are believed to be reliable, free of serious bugs, and suitable for use in production systems. Only critical bugfixes are applied to the release.
MySQL uses a naming scheme that is slightly different from most other products. In general, it is usually safe to use any version that has been out for a couple of weeks without being replaced by a new version within the same release series.
All releases of MySQL are run through our standard tests and benchmarks to ensure that they are relatively safe to use. Because the standard tests are extended over time to check for all previously found bugs, the test suite keeps getting better.
All releases have been tested at least with these tools:
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An internal test suite
The mysql-test directory contains an extensive set of test cases. We run these tests for every server binary. See Section 30.1.2, “MySQL Test Suite”, for more information about this test suite.
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The MySQL benchmark suite
This suite runs a range of common queries. It is also a test to determine whether the latest batch of optimizations actually made the code faster. See Section 7.1.4, “The MySQL Benchmark Suite”.
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The crash-me test
This test tries to determine what features the database supports and what its capabilities and limitations are. See Section 7.1.4, “The MySQL Benchmark Suite”.
We also test the newest MySQL version in our internal production environment, on at least one machine. We have more than 100GB of data to work with.
2.1.2.2. Choosing a Distribution Format
After choosing which version of MySQL to install, you should decide whether to use a binary distribution or a source distribution. In most cases, you should probably use a binary distribution, if one exists for your platform. Binary distributions are available in native format for many platforms, such as RPM files for Linux or PKG package installers for Mac OS X or Solaris. Distributions also are available as Zip archives or compressed tar files.
Reasons to choose a binary distribution include the following:
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Binary distributions generally are easier to install than source distributions.
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To satisfy different user requirements, we provide several servers in binary distributions. mysqld is an optimized server that is a smaller, faster binary. mysqld-debug is compiled with debugging support.
Each of these servers is compiled from the same source distribution, though with different configuration options. All native MySQL clients can connect to servers from either MySQL version.
Under some circumstances, you may be better off installing MySQL from a source distribution:
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You want to install MySQL at some explicit location. The standard binary distributions are ready to run at any installation location, but you might require even more flexibility to place MySQL components where you want.
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You want to configure mysqld to ensure that features are available that might not be included in the standard binary distributions. Here is a list of the most common extra options that you may want to use to ensure feature availability:
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You want to configure mysqld without some features that are included in the standard binary distributions. For example, distributions normally are compiled with support for all character sets. If you want a smaller MySQL server, you can recompile it with support for only the character sets you need.
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You have a special compiler (such as pgcc) or want to use compiler options that are better optimized for your processor. Binary distributions are compiled with options that should work on a variety of processors from the same processor family.
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You want to use the latest sources from one of the Bazaar repositories to have access to all current bugfixes. For example, if you have found a bug and reported it to the MySQL development team, the bugfix is committed to the source repository and you can access it there. The bugfix does not appear in a release until a release actually is issued.
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You want to read (or modify) the C and C++ code that makes up MySQL. For this purpose, you should get a source distribution, because the source code is always the ultimate manual.
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Source distributions contain more tests and examples than binary distributions.
2.1.2.3. How and When Updates Are Released
MySQL is evolving quite rapidly and we want to share new developments with other MySQL users. We try to produce a new release whenever we have new and useful features that others also seem to have a need for.
We also try to help users who request features that are easy to implement. We take note of what our licensed users want, and we especially take note of what our support customers want and try to help them in this regard.
No one is required to download a new release. The News section helps you determine whether the new release has something you really want. See Appendix C, MySQL Change History.
We use the following policy when updating MySQL:
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Enterprise Server releases are meant to appear every 18 months, supplemented by quarterly service packs and monthly rapid updates. Community Server releases are meant to appear 2–3 times per year.
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Releases are issued within each series. Enterprise Server releases are numbered using even numbers (for example, 6.0.20). Community Server releases are numbered using odd numbers (for example, 6.0.21).
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Binary distributions for some platforms are made by us for major releases. Other people may make binary distributions for other systems, but probably less frequently.
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We make fixes available as soon as we have identified and corrected small or non-critical but annoying bugs. The fixes are available in source form immediately from our public Bazaar repositories, and are included in the next release.
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If by any chance a security vulnerability or critical bug is found in a release, our policy is to fix it in a new release as soon as possible. (We would like other companies to do this, too!)
2.1.2.4. MySQL Binaries Compiled by MySQL AB
As a service of MySQL AB, we provide a set of binary distributions of MySQL that are compiled on systems at our site or on systems where supporters of MySQL kindly have given us access to their machines.
In addition to the binaries provided in platform-specific package formats, we offer binary distributions for a number of platforms in the form of compressed tar files (.tar.gz files). See Section 2.2, “Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution”.
The RPM distributions for MySQL 6.0 releases that we make available through our Web site are generated by MySQL AB.
For Windows distributions, see Section 2.3, “Installing MySQL on Windows”.
These distributions are generated using the script Build-tools/Do-compile, which compiles the source code and creates the binary tar.gz archive using scripts/make_binary_distribution.
These binaries are configured and built with the following compilers and options. This information can also be obtained by looking at the variables COMP_ENV_INFO and CONFIGURE_LINE inside the script bin/mysqlbug of every binary tar file distribution.
Anyone who has more optimal options for any of the following configure commands can mail them to the MySQL internals mailing list. See Section 1.6.1, “MySQL Mailing Lists”.
If you want to compile a debug version of MySQL, you should add --with-debug or --with-debug=full to the following configure commands and remove any -fomit-frame-pointer options.
The following binaries are built on MySQL AB development systems:
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Linux 2.4.xx x86 with gcc 2.95.3: CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=pentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=pentiumpro
-felide-constructors" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --disable-shared
--with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
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Linux 2.4.x x86 with icc (Intel C++ Compiler 8.1 or later releases): CC=icc CXX=icpc CFLAGS="-O3 -unroll2 -ip -mp -no-gcc -restrict"
CXXFLAGS="-O3 -unroll2 -ip -mp -no-gcc -restrict" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data
--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler
--disable-shared --with-client-ldflags=-all-static
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
Note that versions 8.1 and newer of the Intel compiler have separate drivers for 'pure' C (icc) and C++ (icpc); if you use icc version 8.0 or older for building MySQL, you will need to set CXX=icc.
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Linux 2.4.xx Intel Itanium 2 with ecc (Intel C++ Itanium Compiler 7.0): CC=ecc CFLAGS="-O2 -tpp2 -ip -nolib_inline" CXX=ecc CXXFLAGS="-O2
-tpp2 -ip -nolib_inline" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile
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Linux 2.4.xx Intel Itanium with ecc (Intel C++ Itanium Compiler 7.0): CC=ecc CFLAGS=-tpp1 CXX=ecc CXXFLAGS=-tpp1 ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile
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Linux 2.4.xx alpha with ccc (Compaq C V6.2-505 / Compaq C++ V6.3-006): CC=ccc CFLAGS="-fast -arch generic" CXX=cxx CXXFLAGS="-fast -arch
generic -noexceptions -nortti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-mysqld-ldflags=-non_shared
--with-client-ldflags=-non_shared --disable-shared
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Linux 2.x.xx ppc with gcc 2.95.4: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-embedded-server
--with-innodb
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Linux 2.4.xx s390 with gcc 2.95.3: CFLAGS="-O2" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -felide-constructors" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
--with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
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Linux 2.4.xx x86_64 (AMD64) with gcc 3.2.1: CXX=gcc ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --disable-shared
-
Sun Solaris 8 x86 with gcc 3.2.3: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-innodb
-
Sun Solaris 8 SPARC with gcc 3.2: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-z-libs=no
--with-named-curses-libs=-lcurses --disable-shared
-
Sun Solaris 8 SPARC 64-bit with gcc 3.2: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -m64 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-m64 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no
--with-named-curses-libs=-lcurses --disable-shared
-
Sun Solaris 9 SPARC with gcc 2.95.3: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-curses-libs=-lcurses
--disable-shared
-
Sun Solaris 9 SPARC with cc-5.0 (Sun Forte 5.0): CC=cc-5.0 CXX=CC ASFLAGS="-xarch=v9" CFLAGS="-Xa -xstrconst -mt
-D_FORTEC_ -xarch=v9" CXXFLAGS="-noex -mt -D_FORTEC_ -xarch=v9"
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler
--with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client --disable-shared
-
IBM AIX 4.3.2 ppc with gcc 3.2.3: CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=powerpc -Wa,-many " CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2
-mcpu=powerpc -Wa,-many -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --disable-shared
-
IBM AIX 4.3.3 ppc with xlC_r (IBM Visual Age C/C++ 6.0): CC=xlc_r CFLAGS="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192"
CXX=xlC_r CXXFLAGS ="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192"
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data
--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no
--disable-shared --with-innodb
-
IBM AIX 5.1.0 ppc with gcc 3.3: CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=powerpc -Wa,-many" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=powerpc
-Wa,-many -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no
--disable-shared
-
IBM AIX 5.2.0 ppc with xlC_r (IBM Visual Age C/C++ 6.0): CC=xlc_r CFLAGS="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192"
CXX=xlC_r CXXFLAGS="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192"
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data
--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no
--disable-shared --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
-
HP-UX 10.20 pa-risc1.1 with gcc 3.1: CFLAGS="-DHPUX -I/opt/dce/include -O3 -fPIC" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-DHPUX
-I/opt/dce /include -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-pthread --with-named-thread-libs=-ldce
--with-lib-ccflags=-fPIC --disable-shared
-
HP-UX 11.00 pa-risc with aCC (HP ANSI C++ B3910B A.03.50): CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS=+DAportable CXXFLAGS=+DAportable ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data
--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
--with-embedded-server --with-innodb
-
HP-UX 11.11 pa-risc2.0 64bit with aCC (HP ANSI C++ B3910B A.03.33): CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS=+DD64 CXXFLAGS=+DD64 ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
-
HP-UX 11.11 pa-risc2.0 32bit with aCC (HP ANSI C++ B3910B A.03.33): CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS="+DAportable" CXXFLAGS="+DAportable" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data
--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
--with-innodb
-
HP-UX 11.22 ia64 64bit with aCC (HP aC++/ANSI C B3910B A.05.50): CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS="+DD64 +DSitanium2" CXXFLAGS="+DD64 +DSitanium2"
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data
--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
--with-embedded-server --with-innodb
-
Apple Mac OS X 10.2 powerpc with gcc 3.1: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --disable-shared
-
FreeBSD 4.7 i386 with gcc 2.95.4: CFLAGS=-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-z-libs=not-used
--disable-shared
-
FreeBSD 4.7 i386 using LinuxThreads with gcc 2.95.4: CFLAGS="-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH -D__USE_UNIX98 -D_REENTRANT
-D_THREAD_SAFE -I/usr/local/include/pthread/linuxthreads"
CXXFLAGS="-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH -D__USE_UNIX98 -D_REENTRANT
-D_THREAD_SAFE -I/usr/local/include/pthread/linuxthreads" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data
--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --enable-assembler
--with-named-thread-libs="-DHAVE_GLIBC2_STYLE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R
-D_THREAD_SAFE -I /usr/local/include/pthread/linuxthreads
-L/usr/local/lib -llthread -llgcc_r" --disable-shared
--with-embedded-server --with-innodb
-
QNX Neutrino 6.2.1 i386 with gcc 2.95.3qnx-nto 20010315: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --disable-shared
The following binaries are built on third-party systems kindly provided to MySQL AB by other users. These are provided only as a courtesy; MySQL AB does not have full control over these systems, so we can provide only limited support for the binaries built on them.
-
SCO Unix 3.2v5.0.7 i386 with gcc 2.95.3: CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentium" LDFLAGS=-static CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentium
-felide-constructors" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client
--disable-shared
-
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4 i386 with CC 3.2: CC=cc CFLAGS="-O" CXX=CC ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client
--disable-shared --with-readline
-
SCO OpenServer 6.0.0 i386 with CC 3.2: CC=cc CFLAGS="-O" CXX=CC ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client
--disable-shared --with-readline
-
Compaq Tru64 OSF/1 V5.1 732 alpha with cc/cxx (Compaq C V6.3-029i / DIGITAL C++ V6.1-027): CC="cc -pthread" CFLAGS="-O4 -ansi_alias -ansi_args -fast -inline
speed -speculate all" CXX="cxx -pthread" CXXFLAGS="-O4 -ansi_alias
-fast -inline speed -speculate all -noexceptions -nortti" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile
--with-named-thread-libs="-lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc" --disable-shared
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
-
SGI Irix 6.5 IP32 with gcc 3.0.1: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --disable-shared
-
FreeBSD/sparc64 5.0 with gcc 3.2.1: CFLAGS=-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-innodb
The following compile options have been used for binary packages that MySQL AB provided in the past. These binaries no longer are being updated, but the compile options are listed here for reference purposes.
-
Linux 2.2.xx SPARC with egcs 1.1.2: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3
-fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions
-fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --disable-shared
-
Linux 2.2.x with x686 with gcc 2.95.2: CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro
-felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --disable-shared
--with-extra-charsets=complex
-
SunOS 4.1.4 2 sun4c with gcc 2.7.2.1: CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors" ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql --disable-shared --with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-assembler
-
SunOS 5.5.1 (and above) sun4u with egcs 1.0.3a or 2.90.27 or gcc 2.95.2 and newer: CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors
-fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-assembler
-
SunOS 5.6 i86pc with gcc 2.8.1: CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex
-
BSDI BSD/OS 3.1 i386 with gcc 2.7.2.1: CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex
-
BSDI BSD/OS 2.1 i386 with gcc 2.7.2: CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex
-
AIX 4.2 with gcc 2.7.2.2: CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
--with-extra-charsets=complex
2.1.4. Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or GnuPG
After you have downloaded the MySQL package that suits your needs and before you attempt to install it, you should make sure that it is intact and has not been tampered with. MySQL AB offers three means of integrity checking:
-
MD5 checksums
-
Cryptographic signatures using GnuPG, the GNU Privacy Guard
-
For RPM packages, the built-in RPM integrity verification mechanism
The following sections describe how to use these methods.
If you notice that the MD5 checksum or GPG signatures do not match, first try to download the respective package one more time, perhaps from another mirror site. If you repeatedly cannot successfully verify the integrity of the package, please notify us about such incidents, including the full package name and the download site you have been using, at <webmaster@mysql.com> or <build@mysql.com>. Do not report downloading problems using the bug-reporting system.
2.1.4.1. Verifying the MD5 Checksum
After you have downloaded a MySQL package, you should make sure that its MD5 checksum matches the one provided on the MySQL download pages. Each package has an individual checksum that you can verify with the following command, where package_name is the name of the package you downloaded: shell> md5sum package_name
Example: shell> md5sum mysql-standard-6.0.6-linux-i686.tar.gz
aaab65abbec64d5e907dcd41b8699945 mysql-standard-6.0.6-linux-i686.tar.gz
You should verify that the resulting checksum (the string of hexadecimal digits) matches the one displayed on the download page immediately below the respective package.
Note
Make sure to verify the checksum of the archive file (for example, the .zip or .tar.gz file) and not of the files that are contained inside of the archive.
Note that not all operating systems support the md5sum command. On some, it is simply called md5, and others do not ship it at all. On Linux, it is part of the GNU Text Utilities package, which is available for a wide range of platforms. You can download the source code from http://www.gnu.org/software/textutils/ as well. If you have OpenSSL installed, you can use the command openssl md5 package_name instead. A Windows implementation of the md5 command line utility is available from http://www.fourmilab.ch/md5/. winMd5Sum is a graphical MD5 checking tool that can be obtained from http://www.nullriver.com/index/products/winmd5sum.
2.1.4.2. Signature Checking Using GnuPG
Another method of verifying the integrity and authenticity of a package is to use cryptographic signatures. This is more reliable than using MD5 checksums, but requires more work.
At MySQL AB, we sign MySQL downloadable packages with GnuPG (GNU Privacy Guard). GnuPG is an Open Source alternative to the well-known Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) by Phil Zimmermann. See http://www.gnupg.org/ for more information about GnuPG and how to obtain and install it on your system. Most Linux distributions ship with GnuPG installed by default. For more information about GnuPG, see http://www.openpgp.org/.
To verify the signature for a specific package, you first need to obtain a copy of MySQL AB's public GPG build key, which you can download from http://www.keyserver.net/. The key that you want to obtain is named build@mysql.com. Alternatively, you can cut and paste the key directly from the following text: Key ID:
pub 1024D/5072E1F5 2003-02-03
MySQL Package signing key (www.mysql.com) <build@mysql.com>
Fingerprint: A4A9 4068 76FC BD3C 4567 70C8 8C71 8D3B 5072 E1F5
Public Key (ASCII-armored):
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.0.6 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: For info see http://www.gnupg.org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=YJkx
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
To import the build key into your personal public GPG keyring, use gpg --import. For example, if you have saved the key in a file named mysql_pubkey.asc, the import command looks like this: shell> gpg --import mysql_pubkey.asc
After you have downloaded and imported the public build key, download your desired MySQL package and the corresponding signature, which also is available from the download page. The signature file has the same name as the distribution file with an .asc extension. For example:
Make sure that both files are stored in the same directory and then run the following command to verify the signature for the distribution file: shell> gpg --verify package_name.asc
Example: shell> gpg --verify mysql-standard-6.0.6-linux-i686.tar.gz.asc
gpg: Signature made Tue 12 Jul 2005 23:35:41 EST using DSA key ID 5072E1F5
gpg: Good signature from "MySQL Package signing key (www.mysql.com) <build@mysql.com>"
The Good signature message indicates that everything is all right. You can ignore any insecure memory warning you might obtain.
See the GPG documentation for more information on how to work with public keys.
2.1.4.3. Signature Checking Using RPM
For RPM packages, there is no separate signature. RPM packages have a built-in GPG signature and MD5 checksum. You can verify a package by running the following command: shell> rpm --checksig package_name.rpm
Example: shell> rpm --checksig MySQL-server-6.0.6-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-server-6.0.6-0.glibc23.i386.rpm: md5 gpg OK
Note
If you are using RPM 4.1 and it complains about (GPG) NOT OK (MISSING KEYS: GPG#5072e1f5), even though you have imported the MySQL public build key into your own GPG keyring, you need to import the key into the RPM keyring first. RPM 4.1 no longer uses your personal GPG keyring (or GPG itself). Rather, it maintains its own keyring because it is a system-wide application and a user's GPG public keyring is a user-specific file. To import the MySQL public key into the RPM keyring, first obtain the key as described in Section 2.1.4.2, “Signature Checking Using GnuPG”. Then use rpm --import to import the key. For example, if you have saved the public key in a file named mysql_pubkey.asc, import it using this command: shell> rpm --import mysql_pubkey.asc
If you need to obtain the MySQL public key, see Section 2.1.4.2, “Signature Checking Using GnuPG”.
2.1.5. Installation Layouts
This section describes the default layout of the directories created by installing binary or source distributions provided by MySQL AB. A distribution provided by another vendor might use a layout different from those shown here.
For MySQL 6.0 on Windows, the default installation directory is C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 6.0. (Some Windows users prefer to install in C:\mysql, the directory that formerly was used as the default. However, the layout of the subdirectories remains the same.) The installation directory has the following subdirectories:
Installations created from MySQL AB's Linux RPM distributions result in files under the following system directories:
On Unix, a tar file binary distribution is installed by unpacking it at the installation location you choose (typically /usr/local/mysql) and creates the following directories in that location:
A source distribution is installed after you configure and compile it. By default, the installation step installs files under /usr/local, in the following subdirectories:
Within its installation directory, the layout of a source installation differs from that of a binary installation in the following ways:
-
The mysqld server is installed in the libexec directory rather than in the bin directory.
-
The data directory is var rather than data.
-
mysql_install_db is installed in the bin directory rather than in the scripts directory.
-
The header file and library directories are include/mysql and lib/mysql rather than include and lib.
You can create your own binary installation from a compiled source distribution by executing the scripts/make_binary_distribution script from the top directory of the source distribution.
2.2. Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution
The next several sections cover the installation of MySQL on platforms where we offer packages using the native packaging format of the respective platform. (This is also known as performing a “binary install.”) However, binary distributions of MySQL are available for many other platforms as well. See Section 2.8, “Installing MySQL from tar.gz Packages on Other Unix-Like Systems”, for generic installation instructions for these packages that apply to all platforms.
See Section 2.1, “General Installation Issues”, for more information on what other binary distributions are available and how to obtain them.
2.3. Installing MySQL on Windows
A native Windows distribution of MySQL has been available from MySQL AB since version 3.21 and represents a sizable percentage of the daily downloads of MySQL. This section describes the process for installing MySQL on Windows.
To run MySQL on Windows, you need the following:
-
A 32-bit Windows operating system such as Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2003, or Windows Server 2008.
A Windows operating system permits you to run the MySQL server as a service. See Section 2.3.11, “Starting MySQL as a Windows Service”.
Generally, you should install MySQL on Windows using an account that has administrator rights. Otherwise, you may encounter problems with certain operations such as editing the PATH environment variable or accessing the Service Control Manager. Once installed, MySQL does not need to be executed using a user with Admin istrator privileges.
-
TCP/IP protocol support.
-
Enough space on the hard drive to unpack, install, and create the databases in accordance with your requirements (generally a minimum of 200 megabytes is recommended.)
For a list of limitations within the Windows version of MySQL, see Section D.8.3, “Windows Platform Limitations”.
There may also be other requirements, depending on how you plan to use MySQL:
MySQL for Windows is available in several distribution formats:
-
Binary distributions are available that contain a setup program that installs everything you need so that you can start the server immediately. Another binary distribution format contains an archive that you simply unpack in the installation location and then configure yourself. For details, see Section 2.3.1, “Choosing An Installation Package”.
-
The source distribution contains all the code and support files for building the executables using the Visual Studio compiler system.
Generally speaking, you should use a binary distribution that includes an installer. It is simpler to use than the others, and you need no additional tools to get MySQL up and running. The installer for the Windows version of MySQL, combined with a GUI Configuration Wizard, automatically installs MySQL, creates an option file, starts the server, and secures the default user accounts.
The following section describes how to install MySQL on Windows using a binary distribution. To use an installation package that does not include an installer, follow the procedure described in Section 2.3.5, “Installing MySQL from a Noinstall Zip Archive”. To install using a source distribution, see Section 2.9.6, “Installing MySQL from Source on Windows”.
MySQL distributions for Windows can be downloaded from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/. See Section 2.1.3, “How to Get MySQL”.
2.3.1. Choosing An Installation Package
For MySQL 6.0, there are three installation packages to choose from when installing MySQL on Windows:
-
The Essentials Package: This package has a filename similar to mysql-essential-6.0.6-win32.msi and contains the minimum set of files needed to install MySQL on Windows, including the Configuration Wizard. This package does not include optional components such as the embedded server and benchmark suite.
-
The Complete Package: This package has a filename similar to mysql-6.0.6-win32.zip and contains all files needed for a complete Windows installation, including the Configuration Wizard. This package includes optional components such as the embedded server and benchmark suite.
-
The Noinstall Archive: This package has a filename similar to mysql-noinstall-6.0.6-win32.zip and contains all the files found in the Complete install package, with the exception of the Configuration Wizard. This package does not include an automated installer, and must be manually installed and configured.
The Essentials package is recommended for most users. It is provided as an .msi file for use with the Windows Installer. The Complete and Noinstall distributions are packaged as Zip archives. To use them, you must have a tool that can unpack .zip files.
Your choice of install package affects the installation process you must follow. If you choose to install either the Essentials or Complete install packages, see Section 2.3.2, “Installing MySQL with the Automated Installer”. If you choose to install MySQL from the Noinstall archive, see Section 2.3.5, “Installing MySQL from a Noinstall Zip Archive”.
2.3.2. Installing MySQL with the Automated Installer
New MySQL users can use the MySQL Installation Wizard and MySQL Configuration Wizard to install MySQL on Windows. These are designed to install and configure MySQL in such a way that new users can immediately get started using MySQL.
The MySQL Installation Wizard and MySQL Configuration Wizard are available in the Essentials and Complete install packages. They are recommended for most standard MySQL installations. Exceptions include users who need to install multiple instances of MySQL on a single server host and advanced users who want complete control of server configuration.
2.3.3. Using the MySQL Installation Wizard
2.3.3.1. Introduction to the Installation Wizard
MySQL Installation Wizard is an installer for the MySQL server that uses the latest installer technologies for Microsoft Windows. The MySQL Installation Wizard, in combination with the MySQL Configuration Wizard, allows a user to install and configure a MySQL server that is ready for use immediately after installation.
The MySQL Installation Wizard is the standard installer for all MySQL server distributions, version 4.1.5 and higher. Users of previous versions of MySQL need to shut down and remove their existing MySQL installations manually before installing MySQL with the MySQL Installation Wizard. See Section 2.3.3.7, “Upgrading MySQL with the Installation Wizard”, for more information on upgrading from a previous version.
Microsoft has included an improved version of their Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI) in the recent versions of Windows. MSI has become the de-facto standard for application installations on Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003. The MySQL Installation Wizard makes use of this technology to provide a smoother and more flexible installation process.
The Microsoft Windows Installer Engine was updated with the release of Windows XP; those using a previous version of Windows can reference this Microsoft Knowledge Base article for information on upgrading to the latest version of the Windows Installer Engine.
In addition, Microsoft has introduced the WiX (Windows Installer XML) toolkit recently. This is the first highly acknowledged Open Source project from Microsoft. We have switched to WiX because it is an Open Source project and it allows us to handle the complete Windows installation process in a flexible manner using scripts.
Improving the MySQL Installation Wizard depends on the support and feedback of users like you. If you find that the MySQL Installation Wizard is lacking some feature important to you, or if you discover a bug, please report it in our bugs database using the instructions given in Section 1.7, “How to Report Bugs or Problems”.
2.3.3.2. Downloading and Starting the MySQL Installation Wizard
The MySQL installation packages can be downloaded from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/. If the package you download is contained within a Zip archive, you need to extract the archive first.
Note
If you are installing on Windows Vista it is best to open a port before beginning the installation. To do this first ensure that you are logged in as an administrator, go to the Control Panel, and double click the Windows Firewall icon. Choose the Allow a program through Windows Firewall option and click the Add port button. Enter MySQL into the Name text box and 3306 (or the port of your choice) into the Port number text box. Also ensure that the TCP protocol radio button is selected. If you wish, you can also limit access to the MySQL server by choosing the Change scope button. Confirm your choices by clicking the OK button. If you do not open a port prior to installation, you cannot configure the MySQL server immediately after installation. Additionally, when running the MySQL Installation Wizard on Windows Vista, ensure that you are logged in as a user with administrative rights.
The process for starting the wizard depends on the contents of the installation package you download. If there is a setup.exe file present, double-click it to start the installation process. If there is an .msi file present, double-click it to start the installation process.
2.3.3.3. Choosing an Install Type
There are three installation types available: Typical, Complete, and Custom.
The Typical installation type installs the MySQL server, the mysql command-line client, and the command-line utilities. The command-line clients and utilities include mysqldump, myisamchk, and several other tools to help you manage the MySQL server.
The Complete installation type installs all components included in the installation package. The full installation package includes components such as the embedded server library, the benchmark suite, support scripts, and documentation.
The Custom installation type gives you complete control over which packages you wish to install and the installation path that is used. See Section 2.3.3.4, “The Custom Install Dialog”, for more information on performing a custom install.
If you choose the Typical or Complete installation types and click the Next button, you advance to the confirmation screen to verify your choices and begin the installation. If you choose the Custom installation type and click the Next button, you advance to the custom installation dialog, described in Section 2.3.3.4, “The Custom Install Dialog”.
2.3.3.4. The Custom Install Dialog
If you wish to change the installation path or the specific components that are installed by the MySQL Installation Wizard, choose the Custom installation type.
A tree view on the left side of the custom install dialog lists all available components. Components that are not installed have a red X icon; components that are installed have a gray icon. To change whether a component is installed, click on that component's icon and choose a new option from the drop-down list that appears.
You can change the default installation path by clicking the Change... button to the right of the displayed installation path.
After choosing your installation components and installation path, click the Next button to advance to the confirmation dialog.
2.3.3.5. The Confirmation Dialog
Once you choose an installation type and optionally choose your installation components, you advance to the confirmation dialog. Your installation type and installation path are displayed for you to review.
To install MySQL if you are satisfied with your settings, click the Install button. To change your settings, click the Back button. To exit the MySQL Installation Wizard without installing MySQL, click the Cancel button.
After installation is complete, you have the option of registering with the MySQL web site. Registration gives you access to post in the MySQL forums at forums.mysql.com, along with the ability to report bugs at bugs.mysql.com and to subscribe to our newsletter. The final screen of the installer provides a summary of the installation and gives you the option to launch the MySQL Configuration Wizard, which you can use to create a configuration file, install the MySQL service, and configure security settings.
2.3.3.6. Changes Made by MySQL Installation Wizard
Once you click the Install button, the MySQL Installation Wizard begins the installation process and makes certain changes to your system which are described in the sections that follow.
Changes to the Registry
The MySQL Installation Wizard creates one Windows registry key in a typical install situation, located in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\MySQL AB.
The MySQL Installation Wizard creates a key named after the major version of the server that is being installed, such as MySQL Server 6.0. It contains two string values, Location and Version. The Location string contains the path to the installation directory. In a default installation it contains C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 6.0\. The Version string contains the release number. For example, for an installation of MySQL Server 6.0.6, the key contains a value of 6.0.6.
These registry keys are used to help external tools identify the installed location of the MySQL server, preventing a complete scan of the hard-disk to determine the installation path of the MySQL server. The registry keys are not required to run the server, and if you install MySQL using the noinstall Zip archive, the registry keys are not created.
Changes to the Start Menu
The MySQL Installation Wizard creates a new entry in the Windows menu under a common MySQL menu heading named after the major version of MySQL that you have installed. For example, if you install MySQL 6.0, the MySQL Installation Wizard creates a section in the menu.
The following entries are created within the new menu section:
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: This is a shortcut to the mysql command-line client and is configured to connect as the root user. The shortcut prompts for a root user password when you connect.
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: This is a shortcut to the MySQL Configuration Wizard. Use this shortcut to configure a newly installed server, or to reconfigure an existing server.
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: This is a link to the MySQL server documentation that is stored locally in the MySQL server installation directory. This option is not available when the MySQL server is installed using the Essentials installation package.
Changes to the File System
The MySQL Installation Wizard by default installs the MySQL 6.0 server to C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 6.0, where Program Files is the default location for applications in your system, and 6.0 is the major version of your MySQL server. This is the recommended location for the MySQL server, replacing the former default location C:\mysql.
By default, all MySQL applications are stored in a common directory at C:\Program Files\MySQL, where Program Files is the default location for applications in your Windows installation. A typical MySQL installation on a developer machine might look like this: C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 6.0
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Administrator 1.0
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Query Browser 1.0
This approach makes it easier to manage and maintain all MySQL applications installed on a particular system.
In MySQL 5.1.23 and earlier, the default location for the data files used by MySQL is located within the corresponding MySQL Server installation directory. For MySQL 5.1.24 and later, the default location of the data directory is the AppData directory configured for the user that installed the MySQL application.
2.3.3.7. Upgrading MySQL with the Installation Wizard
The MySQL Installation Wizard can perform server upgrades automatically using the upgrade capabilities of MSI. That means you do not need to remove a previous installation manually before installing a new release. The installer automatically shuts down and removes the previous MySQL service before installing the new version.
Automatic upgrades are available only when upgrading between installations that have the same major and minor version numbers. For example, you can upgrade automatically from MySQL 4.1.5 to MySQL 4.1.6, but not from MySQL 5.1 to MySQL 6.0.
See Section 2.3.14, “Upgrading MySQL on Windows”.
2.3.4. Using the Configuration Wizard
2.3.4.1. Introduction to the Configuration Wizard
The MySQL Configuration Wizard helps automate the process of configuring your server under Windows. The MySQL Configuration Wizard creates a custom my.ini file by asking you a series of questions and then applying your responses to a template to generate a my.ini file that is tuned to your installation.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard is included with the MySQL 6.0 server, and is currently available for Windows users only.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard is to a large extent the result of feedback that MySQL AB has received from many users over a period of several years. However, if you find that it lacks some feature important to you, please report it in our bugs database using the instructions given in Section 1.7, “How to Report Bugs or Problems”.
2.3.4.2. Starting the MySQL Configuration Wizard
The MySQL Configuration Wizard is typically launched from the MySQL Installation Wizard, as the MySQL Installation Wizard exits. You can also launch the MySQL Configuration Wizard by clicking the entry in the section of the Windows menu.
Alternatively, you can navigate to the bin directory of your MySQL installation and launch the MySQLInstanceConfig.exe file directly.
Note
If you chose not to open a port prior to installing MySQL on Windows Vista, you can choose to use the MySQL Server Configuration Wizard after installation. However, you must open a port in the Windows Firewall. To do this see the instructions given in Section 2.3.3.2, “Downloading and Starting the MySQL Installation Wizard”. Rather than opening a port, you also have the option of adding MySQL as a program that bypasses the Windows Firewall. One or the other option is sufficient — you need not do both. Additionally, when running the MySQL Server Configuration Wizard on Windows Vista ensure that you are logged in as a user with administrative rights.
2.3.4.3. Choosing a Maintenance Option
If the MySQL Configuration Wizard detects an existing my.ini file, you have the option of either reconfiguring your existing server, or removing the server instance by deleting the my.ini file and stopping and removing the MySQL service.
To reconfigure an existing server, choose the option and click the Next button. Your existing my.ini file is renamed to mytimestamp.ini.bak, where timestamp is the date and time at which the existing my.ini file was created. To remove the existing server instance, choose the option and click the Next button.
If you choose the option, you advance to a confirmation window. Click the Execute button. The MySQL Configuration Wizard stops and removes the MySQL service, and then deletes the my.ini file. The server installation and its data folder are not removed.
If you choose the option, you advance to the dialog where you can choose the type of installation that you wish to configure.
2.3.4.4. Choosing a Configuration Type
When you start the MySQL Configuration Wizard for a new MySQL installation, or choose the option for an existing installation, you advance to the dialog.
There are two configuration types available: and . The option is intended for new users who want to get started with MySQL quickly without having to make many decisions about server configuration. The option is intended for advanced users who want more fine-grained control over server configuration.
If you are new to MySQL and need a server configured as a single-user developer machine, the should suit your needs. Choosing the option causes the MySQL Configuration Wizard to set all configuration options automatically with the exception of and .
The sets options that may be incompatible with systems where there are existing MySQL installations. If you have an existing MySQL installation on your system in addition to the installation you wish to configure, the option is recommended.
To complete the , please refer to the sections on and in Section 2.3.4.11, “The Service Options Dialog”, and Section 2.3.4.12, “The Security Options Dialog”, respectively.
2.3.4.5. The Server Type Dialog
There are three different server types available to choose from. The server type that you choose affects the decisions that the MySQL Configuration Wizard makes with regard to memory, disk, and processor usage.
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: Choose this option for a typical desktop workstation where MySQL is intended only for personal use. It is assumed that many other desktop applications are running. The MySQL server is configured to use minimal system resources.
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: Choose this option for a server machine where the MySQL server is running alongside other server applications such as FTP, email, and Web servers. The MySQL server is configured to use a moderate portion of the system resources.
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: Choose this option for a server machine that is intended to run only the MySQL server. It is assumed that no other applications are running. The MySQL server is configured to use all available system resources.
Note
By selecting one of the preconfigured configurations, the values and settings of various options in your my.cnf or my.ini will be altered accordingly. The default values and options as described in the reference manual may therefore be different to the options and values that were created during the execution of the configuration wizard.
2.3.4.6. The Database Usage Dialog
The dialog allows you to indicate the storage engines that you expect to use when creating MySQL tables. The option you choose determines whether the InnoDB storage engine is available and what percentage of the server resources are available to InnoDB.
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: This option enables both the InnoDB and MyISAM storage engines and divides resources evenly between the two. This option is recommended for users who use both storage engines on a regular basis.
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: This option enables both the InnoDB and MyISAM storage engines, but dedicates most server resources to the InnoDB storage engine. This option is recommended for users who use InnoDB almost exclusively and make only minimal use of MyISAM.
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: This option disables the InnoDB storage engine completely and dedicates all server resources to the MyISAM storage engine. This option is recommended for users who do not use InnoDB.
The Configuration Wizard uses a template to generate the server configuration file. The dialog sets one of the following option strings: Multifunctional Database: MIXED
Transactional Database Only: INNODB
Non-Transactional Database Only: MYISAM
When these options are processed through the default template (my-template.ini) the result is: Multifunctional Database:
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
_myisam_pct=50
Transactional Database Only:
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
_myisam_pct=5
Non-Transactional Database Only:
default-storage-engine=MyISAM
_myisam_pct=100
skip-innodb
The _myisam_pct value is used to calculate the percentage of resources dedicated to MyISAM. The remaining resources are allocated to InnoDB.
2.3.4.7. The InnoDB Tablespace Dialog
Some users may want to locate the InnoDB tablespace files in a different location than the MySQL server data directory. Placing the tablespace files in a separate location can be desirable if your system has a higher capacity or higher performance storage device available, such as a RAID storage system.
To change the default location for the InnoDB tablespace files, choose a new drive from the drop-down list of drive letters and choose a new path from the drop-down list of paths. To create a custom path, click the ... button.
If you are modifying the configuration of an existing server, you must click the Modify button before you change the path. In this situation you must move the existing tablespace files to the new location manually before starting the server.
2.3.4.8. The Concurrent Connections Dialog
To prevent the server from running out of resources, it is important to limit the number of concurrent connections to the MySQL server that can be established. The dialog allows you to choose the expected usage of your server, and sets the limit for concurrent connections accordingly. It is also possible to set the concurrent connection limit manually.
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: Choose this option if your server does not require a large number of concurrent connections. The maximum number of connections is set at 100, with an average of 20 concurrent connections assumed.
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: Choose this option if your server requires a large number of concurrent connections. The maximum number of connections is set at 500.
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: Choose this option to set the maximum number of concurrent connections to the server manually. Choose the number of concurrent connections from the drop-down box provided, or enter the maximum number of connections into the drop-down box if the number you desire is not listed.
2.3.4.9. The Networking and Strict Mode Options Dialog
Use the dialog to enable or disable TCP/IP networking and to configure the port number that is used to connect to the MySQL server.
TCP/IP networking is enabled by default. To disable TCP/IP networking, uncheck the box next to the option.
Port 3306 is used by default. To change the port used to access MySQL, choose a new port number from the drop-down box or type a new port number directly into the drop-down box. If the port number you choose is in use, you are prompted to confirm your choice of port number.
Set the to either enable or disable strict mode. Enabling strict mode (default) makes MySQL behave more like other database management systems. If you run applications that rely on MySQL's old “forgiving” behavior, make sure to either adapt those applications or to disable strict mode. For more information about strict mode, see Section 5.1.7, “SQL Modes”.
2.3.4.10. The Character Set Dialog
The MySQL server supports multiple character sets and it is possible to set a default server character set that is applied to all tables, columns, and databases unless overridden. Use the dialog to change the default character set of the MySQL server.
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: Choose this option if you want to use latin1 as the default server character set. latin1 is used for English and many Western European languages.
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: Choose this option if you want to use utf8 as the default server character set. This is a Unicode character set that can store characters from many different languages.
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: Choose this option if you want to pick the server's default character set manually. Choose the desired character set from the provided drop-down list.
2.3.4.11. The Service Options Dialog
On Windows platforms, the MySQL server can be installed as a Windows service. When installed this way, the MySQL server can be started automatically during system startup, and even restarted automatically by Windows in the event of a service failure.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard installs the MySQL server as a service by default, using the service name MySQL. If you do not wish to install the service, uncheck the box next to the option. You can change the service name by picking a new service name from the drop-down box provided or by entering a new service name into the drop-down box.
To install the MySQL server as a service but not have it started automatically at startup, uncheck the box next to the option.
2.3.4.12. The Security Options Dialog
It is strongly recommended that you set a root password for your MySQL server, and the MySQL Configuration Wizard requires by default that you do so. If you do not wish to set a root password, uncheck the box next to the option.
To set the root password, enter the desired password into both the and boxes. If you are reconfiguring an existing server, you need to enter the existing root password into the box.
To prevent root logins from across the network, check the box next to the option. This increases the security of your root account.
To create an anonymous user account, check the box next to the option. Creating an anonymous account can decrease server security and cause login and permission difficulties. For this reason, it is not recommended.
2.3.4.13. The Confirmation Dialog
The final dialog in the MySQL Configuration Wizard is the . To start the configuration process, click the Execute button. To return to a previous dialog, click the Back button. To exit the MySQL Configuration Wizard without configuring the server, click the Cancel button.
After you click the Execute button, the MySQL Configuration Wizard performs a series of tasks and displays the progress onscreen as the tasks are performed.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard first determines configuration file options based on your choices using a template prepared by MySQL AB developers and engineers. This template is named my-template.ini and is located in your server installation directory.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard then writes these options to a my.ini file. The final location of the my.ini file is displayed next to the Write configuration file task.
If you chose to create a service for the MySQL server, the MySQL Configuration Wizard creates and starts the service. If you are reconfiguring an existing service, the MySQL Configuration Wizard restarts the service to apply your configuration changes.
If you chose to set a root password, the MySQL Configuration Wizard connects to the server, sets your new root password and applies any other security settings you may have selected.
After the MySQL Configuration Wizard has completed its tasks, it displays a summary. Click the Finish button to exit the MySQL Configuration |